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IMAGE FORMING DEVICES:
Most commonly a camera or
camera obscura is the image forming device and
photographic film or a digital storage card is
the recording medium, but other methods are available.
For instance, the photocopy or xerography machine
forms permanent images but uses the transfer of
static electrical charges rather than photographic
film, hence the term electrophotography. The rayographs
published by Man Ray in 1922 are images produced
by the shadows of objects cast on the photographic
paper, without the use of a camera. And one can
place objects directly on the glass of a scanner
to produce pictures electronically. Photographers
control the camera to expose the light recording
material (usually film) to light. After processing,
this produces an image whose contents are acceptably
sharp, bright and composed to achieve the objective
of taking the photograph.
USES
OF PHOTOGRAPHY:
Photography can be classified
under imaging technology and has gained the interest
of scientists and artists from its initiation.
Scientists have used its capacity to make accurate
recordings, such as Eadweard Muybridge in his
study of human and animal locomotion (1887). Artists
have been equally interested by this aspect but
have also tried to explore other avenues than
the photo-mechanical representation of reality,
such as the pictorialist movement. Military, police
and security forces use photography for surveillance,
recognition and data storage.
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